1. Explain OOP with examples from your own code.
Why they ask: Generic definitions get cut off; they want your code.
How to answer: Give one class from your project per pillar — inheritance, encapsulation, polymorphism, abstraction — and say what it saved you.
2. What happens when you type a URL into a browser?
Why they ask: A breadth check — how far you can go before you run out of depth.
How to answer: DNS, TCP/TLS, HTTP request, server response, render. Go one level deeper on the layer you know best.
3. How would you debug a production issue you cannot reproduce locally?
Why they ask: Tests real-world instincts over textbook knowledge.
How to answer: Logs and monitoring first, then narrowing by environment difference, data difference and timing. Mention rollback as an option.
4. Tell me about a time you took ownership beyond your assigned task.
Why they ask: Cognizant's managerial round is looking for initiative signals.
How to answer: STAR with something small and concrete — a broken script you fixed, documentation you wrote that others reused.
5. What is your expected CTC?
Why they ask: Anchoring. Answer badly here and you lose money before the offer exists.
How to answer: Give a researched range based on role, location and your experience, say it is negotiable for the right role, and ask for their band.